This presentation will explore the key management practices and common issues encountered during each reproductive stage of parity sows. Topics include post-weaning estrus behavior, identifying the optimal timing for breeding, and analyzing the causes of return to estrus at various intervals after insemination. The discussion will also extend to evaluating total piglets born and live-born piglets, as well as investigating factors such as mummified (black) and stillborn (white) piglets that may affect sow productivity.